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Fisher transformation : ウィキペディア英語版
Fisher transformation

In statistics, hypotheses about the value of the population correlation coefficient ρ between variables ''X'' and ''Y'' can be tested using the Fisher transformation (aka Fisher z-transformation) applied to the sample correlation coefficient.
==Definition==

Given a set of ''N'' bivariate sample pairs (''X''''i'', ''Y''''i''), ''i'' = 1, ..., ''N'', the sample correlation coefficient ''r'' is given by
:r = \frac)(Y_i - \bar)})^2} \sqrt)^2}}
Fisher's z-transformation of ''r'' is defined as
:z := \ln\left(\right) = \operatorname(r),
where "ln" is the natural logarithm function and "arctanh" is the inverse hyperbolic tangent function.
If (''X'', ''Y'') has a bivariate normal distribution, and if the pairs (''X''''i'', ''Y''''i'') are independent, then ''z'' is approximately normally distributed with mean
:\ln\left(\right),
and standard error
:(z/\sqrt),
can be used to construct a large-sample confidence interval for ''ρ'' using standard normal theory and derivations.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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